The individual in question had a distinctive personality and dedicated his entire life to researching technical issues and literature to discover a common language of creativity and invention. He dedicated his life to the goal of discovering and creating systems for systematically innovating because of his intuition. It has been a subject where more effort has been spent trying to disprove the idea that inventions come about because of trial and error and moments of inspiration than at any other point in history. Although the amount of TRIZ knowledge has grown tremendously, it hasn’t yet been able to live up to its lofty claims, but it has been extremely successful in inspiring many minds throughout the world to carry the torch into the next years.
Many engineers and researchers have been lured to this field by the exclusive search for universal application to innovation through the practise of coding of systematic ways of creativity to contribute either voluntarily or as business prospects. There are more and more people who support TRIZ. These are people who believe that creativity can be coded and taught to great or at least a certain extent (if not 100%) and thereby could eliminate the trial-and-error method of inventing that leads to unpredictable outcomes after investing huge sums of money.
Keep in mind that although this idea is self-taught and self-avowed, it cannot be enforced on the general populace. Any insistence that it will always be a science of innovation could have disastrous repercussions. Even in 1948, when Genrich Altshuller, then a Lieutenant in the Caspian Sea Military Navy, sent a brazen letter to Stalin in December charging that the Russian approach to invention and innovation was disorganised and rife with stupidity, it was risky. And that there is a “theory” that can aid engineers in inventing methodically and has the capacity to completely transform the technical sector with beneficial effects. We would wait to see what happened next even though it took two years for a response to the letter. Let’s have a look at this brave Lieutenant’s profile in the interim:
Name: Generich Althsuller
Pen Name: H. Altov
Date of Birth: October 15, 1926
Place of Birth: Tashkent, Uzbekistan (in the former USSR)
Education: Mechanical Engineer, Azerbaijan Industrial Institute
His primary residences were in Baku (Azerbaijan’s capital), Petrozavodsk, and Karelia. In 1900, the Russian Empire included European Russia, most of Poland, the vast Asian region known as Siberia and present-day Finland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Moldova, Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kirghiztan and Tadjikistan. Finland and Polan became independent states in 1917 and 1918. The rest remained part of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (or Soviet Union) until its breakup in the early 1990s.
Experience: In 1944, during WWII, he enlisted himself in the Army and, although he was trained as a fighter pilot, he mostly served the Soviet Navy in the role of patent expert and was responsible for assisting inventors to apply for patents. In 1946, he was assigned to the Commission on Innovation of the Caspian Navy Flotilla, headquartered in the city of Baku, where he continued to invent in various fields of technology.
Date of Death: September 24, 1998
Place of Birth: Tashkent (in the former USSR)
Wife: Valentina Zuravliova (1933-2004)
The place he spent most of his life: Baku (the capital of Azerbaidzhan). Since 1990, he has resided in Petrozavodsk, Karelia.
He first encountered an instance of issue solving or coming up with a solution while he was a young student in Baku’s fourth grade soon before the Second World War. It involved replacing an electric transformer without the use of pricey cranes by first lowering it from a perch on a brick foundation that had been erected in the neighbourhood. He observed the sluggish movement of the transformer on top of an ice block raised to the foundation height and covered with a wooden shelf.
Then, in September, the ice was allowed to creak and melt uniformly under the summer sun, which eventually resulted in the release of a stream of water and the eventual, effortless, and ice-block-costly descent of the transformer to the ground. The key realisation was that an object like ice has been created or is present solely for cooling purposes.
Everyone has acquired this knowledge, whether consciously or unconsciously. How does one become motivated to envision it as a crane replacement? Anyone who is interested in learning new things to be creative or inventive should attempt to answer this question. Additionally, the question in reverse is: Does linking a less-obvious object to a solution not intended for it as its goal constitute creativity or invention?
Althsuller’s imagination has been sparked by this tragedy to seek for any inspiration or knowledge for the solution. After determining what creativity is and how to describe it, the next question is whether anyone can learn to think creatively or if it comes naturally to some people from birth, a genetic phenomenon of chance and luck. It all comes down to what goes through your head. The brain is a factory for ideas. Nobody has conducted research on this factory’s architecture or how it ought to be constructed. People have gone to design this factory even as we are having this conversation because of their environment and internal need for knowledge.
There is still no control over or understanding of the factory’s architecture, thus there is no way to predict what it will be able to accomplish or not be able to do or what problems it will be able to solve. Live with the fantasy that, within some genetic constraints, you can tame and train the visible parts of your body to become whatever you choose for the time being (which now is at the frontiers of letting it free with the advent of genetic engineering and biotechnological inventions).
In the same manner, you can train your mind to become a factory for ideas that may be intentionally built over time and tested for the kinds of ideas for which they are intended.
This will make it even more difficult to define intelligence. Is this intelligence ingrained or genetically encoded? Or the problem is genetics. No matter what a man can do, if he is not naturally creative, he cannot be. Or perhaps there is something more than genes that our brain or mind possesses that we should be aware of to better design it to fulfil our needs in a more predictable manner. We have yet to conduct experiments and establish this area of research as a science of imaginative thinking, even though many people, including Althuller, have used individual thinking devices for a very long time.
These people’s ideas are now valuable enough to be incorporated into a body of knowledge and granted funds for a scientific endeavour to pursue as an area of research where we can develop scientific designs for how we can develop our brains for our goals. How is it possible to design one’s fate rather than let it happen to them? I don’t understand how someone can be predictive about what he has learned and why, beyond simple learning and memory recall.
Given that this is a fundamental multiplier that stands at the pinnacle of all information one may acquire, I believe it has the capacity to exponentially multiply the benefits of what we have learned. It multiplies the knowledge and serves as a catalyst, accelerating its progress toward solutions.
Not just one, but anything that comes to mind as a result, mere information acquisition and memory tests do not constitute intellect or genius. It is about applying it too problem-solving. And not only solve but solve predictably with less time and effort. That is both a success-inspiring trait and a mark of a creative personality. Our educational systems are built to disseminate information in a methodical manner and assess memory, but they are not built to foster or educate creativity.
Each person has trained his mind in his own direct or indirect way how or how not to be creative, thus this portion is missing. Since this method is self-taught, many people continue to wonder how some people can be so creative while others cannot. It just goes on to state more clearly how important it is to research what makes someone creative before figuring out how to include it into a structured educational programme.
Based on only a few observations and not on thorough studies, there are numerous opposing schools of thought in this area. The fact that TRIZ has been a long-term pursuit and study by someone in the twenty-first century using patents or innovations as secondary data to frame creative problem-solving structures and codify them into language and tools to enhance technical problem-solving is what interests me about it.
Mixed outcomes have been obtained. Positive impacts, however, cannot be disregarded even if there are negative ones. Thus, TRIZ has demonstrated success within the bounds of its limited capacity, which is a good enough reason to pursue the idea of learning or studying the sources of creativity and attempting to codify it into a language and tools that can be learned and applied quickly to the problems, thus giving one an opportunity to postpone the trial and error-costing unpredictable approach and give it a second priority only when such codified constructs of creativity fail to inspire the minds of the creatives. For me, any endeavour to further the field of science relating to the creative mind and its components is worthwhile.
As I have always believed, innovation is all about enabling the world to fulfil all of one’s lifelong goals using its resources. Why is there a delay? Are our Welsh brothers present and loving the flight as much as we do every time, we take a plane? Building such catalysts that can hasten the fusion of information and resources to realise one’s ideal during one’s own lifetime, in my opinion, is what the science of creativity is all about. How do you feel? Don’t you wish I could hold out till then to observe how the world develops? On this planet, the world is operating or employing its mental resources in an unpredictable and chaotic manner, all within very low potential bounds.
We approach TRIZ with this concept in mind as a tool to further our understanding of the precise science of creativity. He has spent his entire life studying the theory of technical problem solving, not just for a year or two. He started out working alone before having company. A new theory has been created because of their combined efforts. More than 300 schools in Russia alone now teach it as a problem-solving technique because of books that have been published, textbooks that have been produced, problems that have been categorised, and seminars that have been held.
He was a student in the ninth grade when he was awarded the patent (known as a “Author’s Certificate” in Russia) for the creation of an underwater diving apparatus. At the age of 14, he created his first suba diving device. He developed an engine for a boat in the following year, or the tenth grade, using carbide as the fuel. He created a method to escape from a submarine that was immobilised without utilising diving equipment in 1946, and this technique was kept as a military secret. His creative thinking encouraged him to accept the job offer from the Caspian Sea Military Navy’s patent division.
He was once questioned about his fantasy of coming up with a military diversion to aid a soldier who was helplessly stuck behind enemy lines by the chief of the patent department. He created a chemical weapon in answer to his fantasy, which was successful, and as a result, he was asked to visit Mr. Beria, the chief of the KGB, in Moscow. In fact, it was in one of Mr. Beria’s prisons that he was tried for utilising this device to obstruct the march in Red Square after serving four years.
As a successful inventor himself, Altshuller was expected to assist others while working in the patent division. He enjoyed reading and looking up scientific books from many literary sources to address problems. He was shocked to learn that despite the abundance of scientific texts, inventiveness was never given serious consideration in any of them. He didn’t agree that people’s genetic makeup and accidents are what lead to inventions. Instead, he made the inspiring observation that if an invention process didn’t already exist, it had to be created.
The forced industrialization programme that started at the end of the 1920s and the collectivization of agriculture drastically altered the lives of many people. Nearly everyone lost the ability to do as they pleased and go wherever they pleased, while some lost their land and their independence. Protesters were detained, and most of the time they were sent to prison or labour camps. To manage the increasing number of camps, the secret police established a special branch in 1930. This division was known as the “Gulag.” The working-camp conditions were atrocious. Most of them were found in Siberia, which is the most northern region of European Russia, where the winters are brutally long, dark, and cold.
Many of the inmates died from hunger, hypothermia, or simply weariness because of being forced to work long hours for pitifully meagre food. Most people transported to the camps in the early 1930s were common criminals, peasants who had opposed collectivization, or workers who had not performed the tasks assigned to them. But starting in 1934, under personal and political peril, Stalin launched the war of terror, and the victims of the purges quickly outnumbered these groups (millions of party workers and officials). With the killing of military personnel (purges) and all other people discovered to be against him, his fear of losing control persisted. In Leningrad, Stalin launched a purge in 1948 during which 1000 party members were shot.
Even his closest coworkers experienced fear in the final five years before his passing. A sea of people poured into the labour camps. Nobody is exactly sure how many Soviet citizens passed away too soon under Stalin’s dictatorship. The most likely estimate is that between 15 and 20 million people died because of forced industrialisation, collectivization, and purges. All of them died as a direct and foreseeable result of Stalin’s policies, whether they died from famine, cruel treatment, or execution.
By including them in his fictional writings, Altshuller was able to become friends with and blend in with the other criminals who were being held in the Gulag. Later, he was moved to a place where the elderly was slowly passing away, especially intelligentsias like him. He saw this programme as an opportunity to learn and encouraged the instructors to teach him. He spent 8 to 10 hours a day in the Varkuta labour camp coal mines, where he worked on both the development of his TRIZ theory and its application to technical problems in the coal mines. People weren’t ready to accept his theory since his solutions sounded like they were coming from an experienced coal miner.
Stalin experienced his first two strokes in early 1953 and passed away on March 5, 1953, three days later. The news of his passing inspired hope that the long nightmare was finally over in the nation’s labour camps. After Stalin’s passing, Althshuller was freed from prison in a year and a half (1955). He went back to Baku after being freed to discover his mother had killed herself, thereby putting an end to any hopes of him coming back. Up until 1990, he called Baku home.
He and Shapiro’s first article, “Psychology of Ingenious Creativity,” appeared in the Voprosi of Psiholgi journal in 1956. (Problems of Psychology). Russian and international thinkers on creativity were outraged by the study, which led them to give up the idea that ideas come about via a combination of hard effort and multiple trials and errors. He intensified his research on patents, and after examining over 200,000 of them, he concluded that there are only a small number of inconsistencies that can be fairly quickly resolved by applying 40 innovative concepts. The study can help the creator make his idea more quickly, easily, and predictably than waiting years for enlistment and investing money in various trials.
After being released from prison as a political prisoner, he struggled to find a long-term career and instead made a life writing science fiction from home under the pen name H. Altov. Icarus and Dedalus, his debut tale, was released in 1957. His science fiction works used to be filled with numerous inventions that were both well-known and translated into other languages, such as “Ballad of the Stars,” which he co-wrote with his wife and which was released by McMillan, NY, in 1982.
He requested a chance to test his theory in a 1959 letter to VOIR (All Union Society of Inventors and Innovators), the largest patent organisation in the former Soviet Union. He began leaving his house between 1959 and 1985 and travelling to locations to conduct 2–3-week courses and seminars on TRIZ. He established the Public Institute for Inventive Creativity in 1971, which served as the hub for educating the public about TRIZ. Additionally, he helped other TRIZ adherents organise regional TRIZ schools around the former USSR. There were 500 such institutions by the 1980s.
He used the occasion to criticise the trial-and-error approach and the genetic monopoly on inventions when he authored his first book, “How to Learn to Invent,” in 1961. Around the same time, 50,000 readers paid 25 kopecks (or 25 cents) each to learn the first 20 innovative TRIZ techniques.
In 1964, he started to write down his ideas for how to come up with ideas for science fiction writing. In the 1970s, these ideas were collected in “The Register of Sc-Fi Ideas and Situations,” which contained about 10,000 ideas categorised into classes, sub-classes, groups, and sub-groups, among other categories. One of the things stoking his imaginative creativity for science fiction concepts is his ongoing practise of reading and analysing patents.
His prior efforts of having written multiple letters to VOIR finally paid off as he had the chance to present his methods in a seminar at Dsintary in Georgia in 1968, right after he had created the first version of ARIZ (Algorithm to Solve an Inventive Problem). It was the first-ever TRIZ seminar. He learned that many people already believed in his work and identified as his students at this seminar, including Alexander Selioutski, Volulslav Mitrofanov, Isaak Buchman, and others. And thereafter, many of them started TRIZ-related schools (Voluslav Mitrofanov founded the Leningrad University of Technical Creativity).
Following the seminar, Altshuller was invited to give similar lectures in numerous Soviet locations. He published his book Algorithm of Inventing in 1969, which contained 40 creative principles as well as a strategy for tackling complex problems. The approach was improved in numerous ways over the years, and in 1985 it was a precise tool for resolving a variety of challenging technical issues. The ARIZ-85C’s most recent version [1] was released in 1985 and had 9 steps, each of which had several sub-steps.
With Altshuller serving as its first president, the Russian TRIZ Association was created in 1989. Since then, his followers and pupils have actively participated in creating new methods, resulting in methodical innovation.
Due in large part to the work of the late Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa, Dr. Masao Kogure, Dr. Yoji Akao, Dr. Noriaki Kano, Mr. Masaaki Imai, and others, Japanese quality methodologies saw widespread use in the 1990s, particularly in the automative industry. The methodology emphasised techniques for quickly creating superior goods and services with fewer flaws and costs.
Later, these quality improvement procedures were seamlessly integrated with TRIZ methods for end-to-end systematic innovation, allowing designers and development workers to quickly examine a variety of design options. The combination has demonstrated decreased psychological inertia and increased productivity in thinking and problem-solving time, leading to a significant reduction in the time required to design a new product and a cost savings of more than 50%.




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